Prevalence of Upper Cross Syndrome and Its Association with Work-Related Musculoskeletal Pain Among Physiotherapists in Hebron, Palestine: A Cross-Sectional Study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59994/ajamts.2026.1.11Keywords:
Cross-Sectional Study, Neck Pain, Physiotherapists, Upper Cross Syndrome, Work-Related Musculoskeletal DisordersAbstract
Upper Cross Syndrome (UCS) is a common postural dysfunction characterized by muscle imbalance in the cervicothoracic and shoulder regions and is frequently associated with neck and shoulder pain. Physiotherapists are at increased risk due to prolonged standing, repetitive manual therapy, and sustained static postures during clinical practice. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of Upper Cross Syndrome and examine its association with work-related musculoskeletal pain among physiotherapists in Hebron. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among licensed physiotherapists practicing in Hebron. Data were collected using a structured online questionnaire covering demographic and work-related characteristics, ergonomic habits, UCS-related postural signs and symptoms, and work-related musculoskeletal pain. Neck-related disability was assessed using the Modified Oswestry Neck Disability Index (MONDI). A total population sampling approach was used. Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were performed to assess prevalence and associations via SPSS v26 (p < 0.05). A high prevalence of Upper Cross Syndrome (UCS) was observed among physiotherapists (80.5%), with 82.8% reporting work-related neck or shoulder pain. Physiotherapists with UCS demonstrated significantly higher neck disability scores (MONDI mean = 27.65) compared to those without UCS (mean = 9.80; p < 0.001). UCS was significantly associated with work-related musculoskeletal pain (p = 0.001), prolonged pain duration (p = 0.003), and prolonged treatment while standing (p = 0.046). Upper Cross Syndrome is highly prevalent among physiotherapists in Hebron and is significantly associated with work-related musculoskeletal pain. Implementing ergonomic interventions, preventive exercise programs, and early screening strategies is essential to reduce occupational risk and improve musculoskeletal health in this population.
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